Hello Jung, Have you tried bonding of glass-based microfluidic chips at low = temperature using concentrated Sulphuric acid and HF steam? I think you = can try. Annealing at low-temperature (<100 ?C) or room temperature = provides good bonding of glass slide. More details you can find in Bonding of glass-based microfluidic chips = at low- or room-temperature in routine laboratory by Lingxin Chen, Guoan = Luo?, Kehui Liu, Jiping Ma, Bo Yao, Yongchen Yan, Yiming Wang. Sensors and Actuators B, 2006. Regards, Mamun Rashid *************************************************************** Mamun-Ur-Rashid Orion 1.12 Teesside Centre for Nanotechnology & Microfabrication School of Science & Technology University of Teesside. TS1 3BA. U.K 01642342428 www.mamun.info ________________________________ From: mems-talk-bounces@memsnet.org on behalf of Gareth Jenkins Sent: Thu 09/11/2006 17:04 To: General MEMS discussion Subject: Re: [mems-talk] Glass to glass bonding The heat treatment makes a huge difference. After plasma treatment I use a hotplate at 85C for an hour or so and it works every time (I don't even bother cleaning the glass any more). Without it I only ever get very patchy bonding at best. For glass to glass you may also consider techniques involving dilute HF and pressure. I have never this but believe surface roughness is = crucial.