Michael, You were probably using older non reliable methods of defining the lift off resist. In my experience the best results to date have been 800 Angstrom lines and spaces with no problem with repeatability and processing. Using image reversal the original definition is the defining step. Cray research used lift off for 0.1 micron metal gates in production. The image reversal creates the sloped side walls and the flood exposure the angle of the side wall. Control from +22 degrees to -22 degrees. A lot of users use 90 degrees for the ultimate in resolution. perfect vertical side walls. Contact me if yoy have any interest in technical papers. Bill Moffat CEO Yield Engineering Systems. 408 954 8353. bmoffat@yieldengineering.com ________________________________ From: mems-talk-bounces@memsnet.org on behalf of Michael Rust Sent: Mon 3/5/2007 6:04 AM To: General MEMS discussion Subject: RE: [mems-talk] etch gold or lift-off? >From my experience, liftoff becomes more challenging when your minimum features and spacing become very small (increased pattern density). For instance, I found that trying to make 10 micron metal lines that are separated by 10 microns spacing via liftoff was quite difficult. When I did the same design and used etching (actually, the mask would be the inverse of the liftoff mask) I got much better results. I'm not sure what kind of pattern density you will have, and I believe there are ways to optimize the liftoff process, but the quickest solution might be to do the etching. To follow up on the comment from Nicolas, I also agree that using the evaporator to deposit 1 micron of metal might be challenging. As mentioned, you may see cracks in your film or it might completely peel off (depends on the metal and the substrate).