Hi all, (1) Does anyone know whether there is any theory on physical model of dynamics of nanoscale particle manipulation to study the adhesion and friction at nanoscale? (2) How to measure various kinds of nanoscale force such as capilary force, vander walls force etc. using AFM? (3) How to choose tip when doing pushing particles on silicon substrate in tapping mode? what is the key factor? and how to implement tip characterization? (4) Where can I purchase Gold particles with diameter of 5-50nm? Sincerely, Dazhong Wu 2008-04-03