Greetings all, need advice. How to minimize flash oxidation of electroplated copper, are there any tricks or passivation agents? Rob, there are many commercial formulations for putting a thin protective coating on Copper to prevent oxidation. Many are very effective on improving photoresist adhesion as well. Most are based on azole compounds that are effective in complexing surface copper and thus preventing oxidation. You can also try Citric acid (10-20% by wt) in DI water. You can contact me off line (via emai) and I can give you some details of our products for such and some application examples of our customers.. Bob Forman Shipley EIF Semiconductor Advanced Packaging 425/785-9817 Bforman@shipley.com