Hi, everyone I have interested in the piezoelectric ultrasonic micro-transudcer used for micro-loudpeaker but I encoutered some problems about the relationship between PZT film thickness and sound pressure level(SPL) of the loudspeaker. As we know, SPL is related with two factors: the vibrating area and the deflection amplitude. For a d31 vibration mode, more thinner the PZT film, more the deflection amplitude, so more SPL the loudspeaker has. My question is that, for a transducer with both the same vibrating area and the same deflection amplitude, more thicker the PZT film, more SPL the micro-loudspeaker has? In another words, is SPL related the thickness of PZT film, i.e. the generated force of PZT to overcome the resist of air damping? And how to simulate or calculate the relationship between PZT film thickness and SPL? Thanks for your suggestion very much in advance! Teng Ma --------- Graduate Student School of Electromechanical Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China North Jianshe Road, Chengdu, P.R.China