hi all! I want to make microfluidic channels on PFA (Polytetrafluoro ethylene) wafer using thermal nanoimprinting. I bought some commercial PFA sheets as wafer. However, that PFA sheets were obviously crooked. So I should use thermal nanoimprinting (without mold) to make it flat at first. My protocal is (PFA sheets are 7cm x 6cm, the thickness is 2mm): Heating to: 290 degree Celsius Pressure: 2000N Time (at 290 degree): 1800s Cooling to: 70 egree Celsius (cooling with oil) However, it didn't work at all. The sheets are still crooked. In my opinion, I believe it was caused by "internal stress". The melting point of PFA is 302-310 degree Celsius. I don't know the glass transition temperature of PFA exactly. But I had made microfluidic channels on PFA wafer using thermal nanoimprinting under 270 degree, so it must below than 270 degree. If internal stress is the reason, some methods should be taken to remove it. So, why PFA sheets are crooked after thermal nanoimprint? Internal stress or other reasons? If the reason is internal stress, how can I get rid of it? Any suggestions are welcome. Thank you in advance.