One thing I should have said just to draw this conversation back on topic...there's not much that Quixote can or should do to actually *implement* the sort of atomic form token operation I need, since it knows nothing about the persistent storage used for those tokens. The one thing that might be worth doing is providing an interface that implements the "atomic test and clear" operation. That could be as simple as having the remove_form_token session method return a value saying whether it *really* removed a token or not. jon Jonathan Corbet Executive editor, LWN.net corbet@lwn.net