Hi Ricky, sorry for my late answer, I was out for holidays. We experienced that the time between the process steps should be as short as possible, especially with layers like copper which can be easily oxidized. A variation in the time flow makes a difference in the performance, for e.g. in the degree of oxidation. Furthermore it is possible that some manufacturers use inhibitors against the attack of copper in their developer formulations. I was searching for such inhibitors for etching solutions and I found several patents on this issue. Best regards/Mit freundlichem Gruß André Bödecker IMSAS Institut für Mikrosensoren, -aktoren und -systeme Universität Bremen Fachbereich 1 Otto-Hahn-Allee1 28359 Bremen Tel: 0421 218 62596 _______________________________________________ Hosted by the MEMS and Nanotechnology Exchange, the country's leading provider of MEMS and Nanotechnology design and fabrication services. Visit us at http://www.mems-exchange.org Want to advertise to this community? See http://www.memsnet.org To unsubscribe: http://mail.mems-exchange.org/mailman/listinfo/mems-talk